Risk factors for the development of complicated oligomenorrhea in adolescent girls

Abstract

The purpose - to identify significant prognostic criteria for the development of a complicated course of oligomenorrhea. Materials and methods. A clinical and hormonal examination of 64 adolescent girls with oligomenorrhea aged 12-18 was carried out. The following were determined: physical with determination of body mass index, sexual development, parameters of the hormonal background, vitamin D status, lipid spectrum and the state of carbohydrate metabolism. Results. The most informative sings regarding the formation of metabolic complications of the course of oligomenorrhea were selected by determining the informative clinical and anamnestic signs, hormonal indicators and the status of vitamin D. The following clinical parameters, which may indicate a complicated course of oligomenorrhea with disturbances in carbohydrate metabolism, had the greatest overall informativeness: macrosomia at birth; the mother’s age is more than 35 years at the time of our patient’s birth; in a girl, the age of menarche is up to 11 years, the presence of comorbid pathology (especially cardiovascular disorders) and body weight deficiency. The greatest prognostic significance from the hormonal parameters had high levels of luteinizing hormone, testosterone, total cholesterol, and low estradiol. The clinical, anamnestic and hormonal indicators that may indicate the formation of complications from lipid spectrum disorders were found. It was: deviation of the body weight at birth in both sides, high serum levels of prolactin, cortisol, normative follicle-stimulating hormone, and a moderate decrease in the level of vitamin D. Conclusions. Significant risk factors for the formation of metabolic complications in girls with oligomenorrhea have been identified. Using them makes it possible to timely determine the prognosis of the course of oligomenorrhea in the majority of patients already at the early stages of the formation of this pathology, to decide on therapy and the implementation of therapeutic and preventive measures in the future. The research was carried out in accordance with the principles of the Helsinki Declaration. The study protocol was approved by the Local Ethics Committee of the SI «Institute of Health Care of Children and Adolescents of the NAMS of Ukraine». The informed consent of the patient was obtained for conducting the studies. No conflict of interests was declared by the authors.