Impact of load and renewable energy uncertainties on single and multiple energy storage systems sizing

Abstract

This paper questions the impact of Renewable Energy Sources and load uncertainties on sizing Energy Storage Systems, as well as these uncertainties dynamics in a distributed configuration. Given the current energetic concern, the importance of the massive integration of renewable energies and storage systems, in number and kind, has become obvious. Nonetheless, demand matching with these two options is quite challenging inasmuch as renewable energy sources are significantly random and as storage systems are high-priced and imitate load and production uncertainties. For this purpose, herein we firstly used Gaussian Mixtures to model renewable energy outcome; secondly, we developed a probabilistic procedure to size Energy Storage Systems as an aggregated unit, and finally, we examined the impact of distributing generation on uncertainties of individual units. Simulations on real load and photovoltaic historical data show that uncertainties, with respect to rating power and energy, slightly increase in a non-linear fashion.