Stealthy GPS Spoofer Design by Incorporating Processing Time and Clock Offsets

Abstract

GPS receivers are ubiquitously present to provide position, navigation, and time (PNT) information for civilian and military applications. These GPS receivers can be misguided by intentional interference like jamming, meaconing, and spoofing. This paper presents efficient spoofer design by incorporating spoofer’s processing time (spoofers receiver end to transmitter end processing delay), tracker processing time (delay due to state estimation), the difference in clock offsets (spoofer and target have different clock offsets) into account for generating spoofed measurements. These delays are incorporated in the spoofer’s external delay to create a spoof measurement set. A spoofer with a target tracking module was proposed earlier without considering the significance of time delay information. The delay due to the tracker processing time has also been considered in this proposed spoofer design. The simulations are carried out for two test cases: the processing time delay and the difference in clock offset delay. Interactive multiple models (IMM) based dynamic state estimation filter is used to track the target (GPS receiver) of interest owing to its best performance compared with other filters. The proposed spoofer design outperforms the existing spoofer designs in position root mean square error (PRMSE). In addition to that, we also accomplished high performance of spoofing by increasing the number of spoofed satellite signals.