الحلول الفقهية والتجديد الفقهي لمعالجة تحديات وآثار الثورة الصناعية الرابعة في ضوء مقاصد الشريعة:منهاجا وبيانا

Alī Muḥi al-Dīn al-Qarrahdāghī
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Abstract

The emergence of the Fourth Industrial Revolution is distinguished by the utilization of new technologies and inventions such as the artificial intelligence, Internet of Things (IoT), automated machine, and so on. The use of these technologies alleviates many aspects of human life and brings massive changes to the human lifestyle. It has both positive and negative effects which then leads to new issues and challenges requiring evaluation from Shariah’s perspectivesThis paper aims to discuss Shariah’s perspective on the fourth industrial revolution and solutions to the arising issues from the maqāṣid al-sharī‘ah approach. The researcher adopts descriptive methodology to discuss the phenomenon and inductive methodology to resolve the issues in the light of Shariah. The paper concludes that Islam encourages knowledge development and invention as the term ‘ilm and related words, mentioned in the Qur’ān numerously as compared to other holy scriptures. However, any inventions must be consistent and in harmony with the objectives of Shariah and not conflicting with them. With the observation of conditions and guidelines as outlined in this paper, utilization of the inventions in the Fourth Industrial Revolution may serve as a mean to realize the objectives of Shariah and will greatly benefit humankind. In the event of any issues, solutions must be derived by exercising legal reasoning (ijtihād) with consideration of the modern sciences and contemporary context. The effort in renewing the legal reasoning (tajdīd) may be exercised in collective form by the experts in Islamic jurisprudence (fiqh) and other sciences collaboratively.
根据伊斯兰教的宗旨解决第四次工业革命的挑战和影响的法理解决办法和法理革新:纲要和声明
第四次工业革命的特点是新技术和新发明的应用,如人工智能、物联网(IoT)、自动化机器等。这些技术的使用减轻了人类生活的许多方面,给人类的生活方式带来了巨大的变化。它既有积极的影响,也有消极的影响,从而导致新的问题和挑战,需要从伊斯兰教法的角度进行评估。本文旨在讨论伊斯兰教法对第四次工业革命的看法,以及maqāṣid al- shari ' ah方法产生的问题的解决方案。研究者采用描述性的方法对现象进行讨论,采用归纳的方法根据伊斯兰教法解决问题。本文的结论是,伊斯兰教鼓励知识的发展和发明,因为与其他圣经相比,古兰经ān中提到的“ilm”和相关词汇很多。但是,任何发明必须与伊斯兰教法的目标保持一致和和谐,不得与之冲突。通过观察本文中概述的条件和指导方针,第四次工业革命中发明的利用可以作为实现伊斯兰教法目标的手段,并将极大地造福人类。在任何问题的情况下,必须通过行使法律推理得出解决方案(ijtihād),并考虑到现代科学和当代背景。更新法律推理的努力可以由伊斯兰法学和其他科学的专家以集体形式合作进行。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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