Review of Optimization of Charge on VRLA Battery and Lithium Ion Battery Operated Bike

Abstract

Electric vehicles (EV) and Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEV) contribute to substantially decrease the carbon footprint of the present means of transport. Battery is a critical component in every EV topology. The reliable and safe operation of a battery requires the presence of an independent controlling platform which is often referred to as Battery Management System (BMS). The state monitoring and charge optimization functionalities are to be incorporated in the BMS, to ensure the safety and reliability of the energy source which is battery. Due to the irregular operating parameters of the battery the overall system may be jeopardized. The paper herein offers a review to the up-to-date technologies on Battery Management System observing the State Evaluation of the battery including state of charge (SOC), State of Health (SOH), Depth of Discharge (DOD) and State of Life of the battery.