Why Is Energy Access Not Enough for Choosing Clean Cooking Fuels? Sustainable Development Goals and Beyond

Zhanna Kapsalyamova, Ranjeeta Mishra, Aiymgul Kerimray, K. Karymshakov, Dina Azhgaliyeva
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Abstract

The transition to sustainable energy requires an assessment of drivers of the use of clean and dirty fuels for cooking. Literature highlights the importance of access to modern fuel for switching from dirty fuels. Though access to cleaner fuels such as electricity promotes clean fuel use, it does not necessarily lead to a complete transition to the use of modern fuels. Households continue using traditional fuels in addition to modern fuels. We explain the choice of dirty cooking fuels even when access to electricity is provided. We use nationally representative household survey data to study the household energy use decisions in three middle-income countries, India, Kazakhstan, and the Kyrgyz Republic. We discuss the role of access to natural gas, free fuel, convenience or multi-use of fuels determined by the heating system installed, built-in environment, and other socioeconomic factors in household fuel choice for cooking. The results show that access to natural gas increases the likelihood of opting for natural gas, while the availability of free fuel in rural areas and the coal-based heating system promote the use of solid fuels.
为什么能源获取不足以选择清洁的烹饪燃料?可持续发展目标及其他目标
向可持续能源的过渡需要对使用清洁和肮脏燃料进行烹饪的驱动因素进行评估。文献强调了从肮脏燃料转向现代燃料的重要性。虽然获得电力等清洁燃料促进了清洁燃料的使用,但这并不一定导致完全过渡到使用现代燃料。除现代燃料外,家庭继续使用传统燃料。我们解释了即使有电力供应,人们仍然选择肮脏的烹饪燃料。我们使用具有全国代表性的家庭调查数据来研究三个中等收入国家——印度、哈萨克斯坦和吉尔吉斯共和国的家庭能源使用决策。我们讨论了获得天然气、免费燃料、由安装的供暖系统、内置环境和其他社会经济因素决定的燃料的便利性或多用途在家庭烹饪燃料选择中的作用。结果表明,获得天然气增加了选择天然气的可能性,而农村地区免费燃料的可用性和以煤为基础的供暖系统促进了固体燃料的使用。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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