Characterization of dual-parallel Mach-Zender modulator based on signal level control and low-frequency detection

Abstract

A self-calibrated method to characterize the electro-optic frequency response of dual-parallel Mach-Zehnder modulators (DPMZMs) is proposed based on signal level control and low-frequency detection. The modulation index and the half-wave voltage are extracted from the functional relationship of the desired low-frequency amplitude and the microwave driving level. This method features self-calibration and low-frequency measurement for high-speed DPMZMs.