Dynamic lightning protection of smart grid considering charging and discharging of electric vehicles

Abstract

In recent years, global lightning activities have become more frequent and violent, seriously endangering the security of smart grids. With the global demand for clean energy and electric vehicles increasing year by year, the integrated wind-solar-storage electric vehicle charging station, as a typical flexible resource complex, can play a positive role in the smart grid's ability to resist lightning disasters. This paper proposes a smart grid dynamic lightning protection considering the charging and discharging of electric vehicles. This mode is based on the lightning detection and early warning technology of Dynamic Lightning Protection. Before the occurrence of lightning, the energy storage system and electric vehicles in the charging station will be charged, and the power supply capacity of the charging station will be estimated to match the corresponding number of important loads. When a lightning strike occurs, the smart grid power lines are reconfigured through disconnect switches. Based on the charging and discharging technology of electric vehicles, it can make full use of the clean energy provided by the charging station to supply important loads, and minimize the mismatched power between the power generation and the electricity consumption of the isolated smart grid where the charging station is located. The simulation results show that this mode can not only improve the reliability of power supply of the smart grid, but also promote the consumption of clean energy. At the same time, some diesel generators can be replaced, thereby reducing carbon emissions.