The Role of Humanitarian Cooperation in the Formation of Interethnic Relations Between Turkey and the Countries of Central Asia (From 1991 to 2020)

Abstract

The article is devoted to identifying and substantiating the nature of the role of humanitarian cooperation in the formation of interethnic relations between Turkey and the countries of Central Asia (from 1991 to 2020). The relevance of the study lies in the attractiveness of Central Asia as the richest resource-possessing region with significant human potential and multifaceted historical and cultural heritage, having the experience of living as an ethnic group both independently and within large states. Thirty years of experience in the existence of the countries of Central Asia as states with independent political status allows us to analyze the experience of their humanitarian cooperation with other countries on the example of Turkey as a country that has common linguistic, cultural and religious roots with the Central Asian countries. The aim of the study was to identify the role of humanitarian cooperation in the formation of inter-ethnic relations between Turkey and the countries of Central Asia from 1991 to 2020. We set the following tasks: to analyse the humanitarian cooperation from the position of comparative political science, identify its main components as a system markers for the study of the role of humanitarian cooperation in the development of interethnic relations as well as to describe the features of Turkey's humanitarian cooperation with the countries of Central Asia from 1991 to 2020. To analyze the role, we identified the following markers: strategic and tactical goals of humanitarian cooperation; actors and motivators of this process, the presence of third countries; the state of the economic, financial, socio-political and national spheres of the donor state of cooperation; resources and potentials of both the recipient country and the donor power of humanitarian cooperation, the latter's obligations to other countries and blocks. As a result, we retrieved the following features of humanitarian cooperation between Turkey and the countries of Central Asia: unclear thoughtfulness and weak interconnection of the strategy and tactics of this cooperation; lack of a system and dynamics of the goals of this cooperation; Turkey has insufficient own funds and resources to invest in the economy and economy of Central Asian countries; priority of its own Turkish interests, interest in permanent unchanging double alliances in the absence of other alliances and blocks, Turkey also has the right to change its goals and intentions, as well as allies. This made it possible to determine the nature of a more positive and constructive role. Research prospects are presented in a comprehensive comparative political study of the interaction between Turkey and the countries of Central Asia.