A Neodymium Doped Hollow Optical Fiber Laser for Applications in Sensing and Laser Guided Atoms

P. Glas, M. Naumann, A. Schirrmacher, T. Pertsch
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引用次数: 5

Abstract

An attractive candidate for performing atom guidance is the evanescent field at the border of a dielectric light guide since providing a short range (repulsive) potential. In contrast to passive hollow capillaries, we have realised a lasing one made up from highly doped phosphate glass. Compared to its passive counterpart, the laser capillary has the big advantage that the in-coupled light being spectrally removed from the atomic transition of the atoms to be manipulated is used for pumping the laser. The capillary had a diameter of 70 μm possessing a protection coating. The bore diameter was 11 pm. The doping concentration amounted to 2·1020 cm-3 Nd3+. The capillary length was 1.6 cm (7 cm), butt coupled mirrors form the resonator. The capillary could be illuminated side-on or end-on with pump radiation for the active ions delivered by a diode laser at λ=805 nm. The output mirror had a transmission of < 1% to realise a high intracavity power being desirable to create a strong optical potential necessary in evanescent waveguiding of atoms. The near field distribution is shown in Fig.1. To proof the reaction of the evanescent field on an absorptive disturbance we have filled the capillary with an ir-dye (concentration ~0.07 g/1) finding a strongly modulated (mode locked) output when pulsing the diode laser, Fig.2. (The transverse damping distance in the dye solution is only ~0.3 μm). For an empty capillary the emission gets stationary after some typical relaxation oscillations. To estimate the optical potential we have made a numerical analysis of the laser field distribution in the hollow waveguide. Fig.3 shows the mode field at λ=780 nm in the capillary. We have calculated the optical potential U(r) to guide 85Rb atoms with an intra fiber power of 2 W. The frequency detuning from the atomic resonance is 10 GHz, the saturation intensity of the atomic transition is 1.8 mW/cm The optical barrier as a function of distance from the inner surface in terms of temperature is shown in Fig.1c (inset). The realisation of active atomic waveguides may stimulate interesting studies in atom optics, near field optics and cavity QED.
用于传感和激光引导原子的掺钕中空光纤激光器
电介质光导边界处的倏逝场是进行原子引导的一个有吸引力的候选者,因为它提供了短程(排斥)势。与被动中空毛细血管相比,我们已经实现了由高掺杂磷酸盐玻璃制成的激光毛细血管。与无源激光相比,激光毛细管有一个很大的优点,即从被操纵原子的原子跃迁中光谱去除的耦合光用于抽运激光。毛细管直径为70 μm,具有保护涂层。孔径为11pm。掺杂浓度为2·1020 cm-3 Nd3+。毛细管长度为1.6 cm (7 cm),对接耦合镜形成谐振腔。对于波长为λ=805 nm的二极管激光器所输送的活性离子,可以用泵浦辐射对毛细管进行侧照射或端照射。输出镜具有< 1%的透射率,以实现高腔内功率,从而在原子的倏逝波导中产生所需的强光势。近场分布如图1所示。为了证明倏逝场对吸收扰动的反应,我们用ir-dye(浓度~0.07 g/1)填充毛细管,发现当脉冲二极管激光器时产生强调制(锁模)输出,如图2所示。(染料溶液中的横向阻尼距离仅为~0.3 μm)。对于空毛细管,经过一些典型的弛豫振荡后,发射趋于平稳。为了估计光势,我们对空心波导中的激光场分布进行了数值分析。图3为λ=780 nm处毛细管内的模场。我们计算了光纤内功率为2w时引导85Rb原子的光势U(r)。原子共振的失谐频率为10 GHz,原子跃迁的饱和强度为1.8 mW/cm。光学势垒与内表面距离的温度关系如图1c(插图)所示。有源原子波导的实现可能会激发原子光学、近场光学和腔QED领域的有趣研究。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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