Overview of Hydrological Dynamics and Geomorphological Aspects of the Amazon Region Rivers to Characterize Fluvial Sensitivity to Oil Spills

P. Silva, F. Miranda, C. Beisl, L. Landau, Alexandre Evsukoff
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Abstract

This chapter presents a collection of studies performed in the Amazon region that includes thematic products portraying its fluvial sensitivity to oil spills. The research addresses the intense Amazonian seasonal dynamics, as well as the environmental peculiarities of this singular ecosystem. Periodic changes caused by natural phenomena have a significant impact on not only flooded alluvial plains and riverine habitats but also on petroleum exploration, production, and transportation activities. Therefore, the implementation of tools to assess the potential impact of oil spills in the Amazonian rivers must be adjusted to the local conditions. The main deliverables of the research are (1) fluvial oil spill sensitivity index maps contemplating each phase of the hydrological cycle (low water, high water, receding water, and rising water), (2) a computational method to represent fluctuations of the seasonal inundation, and (3) a risk analysis method using linguistic rules for the construction of a risk matrix.
亚马逊地区河流的水文动力学和地貌方面概述,以表征河流对石油泄漏的敏感性
本章介绍了在亚马逊地区进行的一系列研究,其中包括描绘其对石油泄漏的河流敏感性的专题产品。该研究解决了激烈的亚马逊季节动态,以及这个单一生态系统的环境特性。自然现象引起的周期性变化不仅对冲积平原和河流生境产生重大影响,而且对石油勘探、生产和运输活动也产生重大影响。因此,评估亚马逊河石油泄漏潜在影响的工具的实施必须根据当地情况进行调整。本研究的主要成果有:(1)考虑水文循环各阶段(低水位、高水位、退潮水位和上涨水位)的河流溢油敏感性指数图;(2)表示季节性淹没波动的计算方法;(3)使用语言规则构建风险矩阵的风险分析方法。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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