Efficient holdup circuit design to meet power quality requirements for single or dual isolated input bus

R. Ranjan, Nidhi Tiwari, Nishanth Beedu, Animesh Mukherjee, Vani Shishodia
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Abstract

Reliability, size and cost are essential parameters that are considered for airworthy hardware. The primary function of an avionics grade power supply is to provide the desired regulated output voltages and comply with the various power quality and switching bus transients (also called holdup time) [1]–[3]. These switching bus transients call for energy storage components like capacitor banks, which can store energy during nominal operation and deliver the energy back during these power interruptions. The conventional way to achieve the holdup time is by having the holdup circuitry on the primary side. There have been multiple primary side holdup methodologies for extending the holdup time, like boosting the holdup voltage circuitry. [4]–[11]. There are many drawbacks and limitations associated with conventional design for holdup solutions where the holdup circuit is based on the primary side of the power supply. The holdup capacitors need to be designed to take care of the efficiency of both the step-down buck converter and the DC-DC converter, which are used to regulate the output from the input bus. In the case of a dual input bus system, the galvanic isolation between the two input buses dictates the use of two separate holdup circuitries for the two input buses. Another major drawback with primary side holdup circuitry is that the higher boosted voltage will result in the implementation of safety requirements which will call for a bleeder circuit to dissipate the holdup capacitor energy to reduce the boost voltage to a safe limit. The design solution explained in this paper overcomes the limitations and drawbacks of conventional holdup design solutions with less form fit, lower cost, and higher reliability. The solution is implemented and tested in a dual input bus airworthy system where electrical isolation is needed between the input power buses and the input power bus to output. The holdup circuit architecture discussed in the paper is based on the secondary side and is referenced to the secondary return (chassis). This unique architectural change ensures that only one set of holdup circuitry is sufficient to meet the redundant bus power interrupt requirements without compromising the isolation requirements and higher efficiency.
高效保持电路设计,满足单或双隔离输入总线的电能质量要求
可靠性、尺寸和成本是考虑适航硬件的基本参数。航空电子级电源的主要功能是提供所需的稳压输出电压,并符合各种电源质量和开关总线瞬态(也称为保持时间)[1]-[3]。这些开关总线瞬态需要像电容器组这样的能量存储组件,它可以在标称运行期间存储能量,并在电源中断期间将能量传递回来。实现保持时间的传统方法是在初级侧安装保持电路。有多种主要侧保持方法来延长保持时间,如提高保持电压电路。[4]——[11]。当保持电路基于电源的一次侧时,传统的保持方案设计存在许多缺陷和限制。保持电容的设计需要考虑降压降压转换器和DC-DC转换器的效率,它们用于调节输入母线的输出。在双输入母线系统的情况下,两个输入母线之间的电流隔离决定了两个输入母线使用两个单独的保持电路。初级侧持压电路的另一个主要缺点是,较高的升压电压将导致安全要求的实施,这将需要一个泄压电路来耗散持压电容器的能量,以将升压电压降低到安全极限。本文介绍的设计方案克服了传统holdup设计方案的局限性和缺点,具有更小的形状配合、更低的成本和更高的可靠性。该解决方案已在双输入总线适航系统中实施和测试,该系统需要在输入电源总线和输入电源总线之间进行电气隔离。本文讨论的holdup电路结构是基于二次侧的,并参考了二次回路(机箱)。这种独特的架构变化确保只有一组保持电路足以满足冗余总线电源中断要求,而不会影响隔离要求和更高的效率。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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