Analysis of Fluctuation Behavior of Ground Water with Models

Ryojiro Kishimoto
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Abstract

Theory and procedures for analyzing and forecasting the fluctuation behavior of ground water with models are proposed and explained in this report. 1) Elements of the models
The models of the aquifer consist of cylinders, connection pipes and water contained in all these vessels.
Four basic types of cylinder are presented here, each type representing one of the different types of aquifers containing the ground water. Each connection pipe connects two cylinders and expresses a thin hole through which the ground water flows. Each connection pipe has a characteristic physical quantity representing the ease of passage of the flow. The water level in a cylinder expresses a ground water level in an aquifer. The behavior of ground water is to be simulated here by the rules of calculation governing the water flow in the models.
2) 'he behavior of the ground water in an area
The aquifers in an area can be expressed with a few cylinders connected with pipes. After assuming the value of the characteristic physical quantity of each pipe, the initial value of the water level in each cylinder, the supply from surface water, etc., the discharge per nnit time through each pipe, the water level in each cylinder after a unit time and other values can be calculated. By repeating identical calculations as many times as required, the fluctuation behavior within a period can be calculated. If no close agreements exist between observed and calculated results, the same trial calculations should be repeated with different assumptions until a close agreement is obtained.
3) Idealized models
Several idealized models were conposed, and various behavior of ground water often observed in field were qualitatively explained with them.
4) Examples
A few examples of the fluctuation behavior observed in field were analyzed in the manner described in 2), and close agreements between observed and calculated results were obtained.
地下水涨落特性的模型分析
本文提出了用模型分析和预测地下水波动行为的理论和方法,并对其进行了说明。含水层模型由圆柱体、连接管和所有这些容器中所含的水组成。这里介绍了四种基本类型的圆柱体,每种类型代表含有地下水的不同类型的含水层之一。每根连接管连接两个圆柱体,形成一个细孔,地下水通过该孔流动。每个连接管都有一个特征物理量,表示流体通过的难易程度。圆柱体中的水位表示含水层中的地下水位。在这里,地下水的行为是通过模型中控制水流的计算规则来模拟的。2) 一个地区的含水层可以用几个用管子连接的圆柱体来表示。在假定每条管道的特征物理量值、每缸内水位的初始值、地表水的供给等,每单位时间通过每条管道的流量、单位时间后每缸内的水位等值后即可计算出来。根据需要多次重复相同的计算,就可以计算出一个周期内的波动行为。如果观测结果和计算结果之间不存在密切的一致性,则应在不同的假设下重复相同的试验计算,直到获得密切的一致性。建立了几种理想模型,并用它们定性地解释了地下水在野外经常观测到的各种行为。用2)所述方法对现场观测到的几个波动行为实例进行了分析,得到了观测结果与计算结果非常吻合的结果。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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