The pecularities of flowering plants speciation

Abstract

Among the fundamental distinctions between plants and animals at the different levels of organization of the plant kingdom it is especially important distinctions on a population – species level of organization. This is a higher-order variety of racial structures or «eidologic» units typical of plants in connection with multiplicative processes as hybridization and specific features of biological isolating mechanisms of races (and species), polyploidy of different origin, agamic-and clonal types of asexual breeding etc. After the brief historical review of botanical works on these problems it is emphasized, what of diversity of plants the nature of micro-evolutionary transformations to populations has unequal basis (where frequently populations considerably hybrid breakdown, two ore more species etc.) and, actually, the speciation. Basic natural units of evolutionary process at plants are not only species (mono- or polytypical), but also it is long existing complexes of populations of the different species, interacting with each other (down to complex of syngameons uniting species of a genus or even different genera). The first who has definitely distinguished species and species-complexes was Wladimir Komarov. Now it is possible to distinguish at vascular plants some types of species (up to 7), and species-complexes (i.e. the basic eidological units, it is real evoluting in the nature). Consequently it is possible to discuss about the greater potentiality for evolutionary transformations for a vascular plants, than one at a vertebrate animals.