Law and the Liberal Transformation of the Northeast Asian Legal Complex in Korea and Taiwan

Tom Ginsburg
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引用次数: 19

Abstract

For much of the 20th century, developmental states in capitalist Northeast Asia featured a peculiar complex of mutually reinforcing institutions. The three basic components were a relatively autonomous judiciary operating in a narrowly defined role, a miniscule private legal profession, and large degrees of administrative discretion vested in meritocratic bureaucracies. This Northeast Asian Legal Complex was nsulated from outside forces and internally stable. In the late 1980s, it came under serious pressure in Korea and Taiwan as a result of new internal and external pressures, particularly political democratization. As a central part of the democratization movement, a group of activist lawyers in each country sought to utilize law for a liberal social transformation; the extent of their success can be seen in the fact that the two countries are now governed by Presidents who were former activist lawyers. This paper, prepared for a conference on liberalism and law, traces these developments and speculates on the implications of the story for general theories of law and social transformation.
法律与韩国、台湾东北亚法律复合体的自由主义转型
在20世纪的大部分时间里,资本主义东北亚的发展中国家以一种奇特的、相互加强的制度综合体为特色。这三个基本组成部分是一个相对自主的司法机构,在一个狭窄的角色中运作,一个极小的私人法律职业,以及很大程度上赋予精英官僚机构的行政自由裁量权。这个东北亚法律复合体与外部势力隔绝,内部稳定。在1980年代后期,由于新的内外压力,特别是政治民主化,它在韩国和台湾受到严重的压力。作为民主化运动的核心部分,各国的一群维权律师试图利用法律实现自由主义社会转型;他们的成功程度可以从这两个国家现在的总统都曾经是激进的律师这一事实中看出。这篇论文是为自由主义和法律会议准备的,它追溯了这些发展,并推测了这个故事对法律和社会转型的一般理论的影响。
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