Ultrasonic water level indicator and controller using AVR microcontroller

Abstract

The consequence of level measurement cannot be overstated. Inaccurate or inappropriate measurements can cause levels in vessels to be excessively higher or lower than their measured values. Ultrasonic level measurement is one of the best technique used for continuous level measurement. In this project we are using HC-SR04 to measure the level in the water tank and AVR Microcontroller to control it from overflow. Ultrasonic sensor module “HC-SR04” uses a technique called “ECHO” which is something you get when sound reflects back after striking with a surface. The output signal of the sensor is proportional to the distance based on the echo. This output signal is then processed according to the high level programming language which is embedded into the microcontroller ATmega 16. Then the processed output is displayed in the LCD display. The motor is connected to the output port of the microcontroller through 5V relay switch. Here it has some benefits to use microcontroller for control actions than using the normal PLCs. Even though PLC itself has a microprocessor since PLCs are expensive, bulky and are not easily adapted to high speed I/O. Also compared to other non-contact type of level measurement ultrasonic sensor produces no radiations and no harmful effects to the environment. The main objective of our project is to attain accurate measurement of level and to make a safety control over it.