The primacy of the rising/non-rising dichotomy in American English intonational tunes

J. Cole, Jeremy Steffman
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引用次数: 2

Abstract

In American English, phrase-final pitch trajectories have been described as resulting from a sequence of three tonal elements whose combinations define an inventory of phonologically contrastive nuclear tunes [1] . We investigate the distinctive status of nuclear tunes, testing imitative production of sentences paired with one of 8 nuclear tunes, and testing pairwise perceptual discrimination of the same tunes. Results from group- and individual-level clustering analyses of F0 trajectories of imitated tunes reveal maximally 5 distinct tunes, with the most robust distinctions between two tune classes: rising and non-rising. Converging results are obtained from perceptual discrimination. A further finding is that the phonetic distance between tunes is a good predictor of discrimination accuracy, but accuracy is better than predicted for pairwise discrimination across the rising/non-rising classes, and worse than predicted for tunes grouped together in the rising class. These results suggest a robustness hierarchy of tune distinctions with a primary rising/non-rising distinction. This hierarchy reflects holistic shape distinctions, but does not align with the proposed tripartite composition of tunes.
美国英语语调语调中升/非升二分法的首要地位
在美式英语中,短语-结尾音高轨迹被描述为由三个音调元素组成的序列,它们的组合定义了音系对比核曲调的清单[1]。我们研究了核曲调的独特地位,测试了与8个核曲调中的一个配对的句子的模仿产生,并测试了对相同曲调的成对感知辨别。对模仿曲调的F0个轨迹进行群体和个人水平的聚类分析的结果显示,最多有5种不同的曲调,两种曲调类别之间的区别最明显:升调和不升调。通过感知判别得到收敛结果。进一步的发现是,音调之间的语音距离可以很好地预测识别的准确性,但准确性比预测的在上升/非上升类别中成对区分的准确性要好,而比预测的在上升类别中组合在一起的音调差。这些结果表明音调区分的鲁棒性层次结构具有主要的上升/非上升区分。这种层次反映了整体形状的区别,但与提出的曲调的三方组成不一致。
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