Study on the Incidences of Hypovitaminosis D in Acute Coronary Syndrome Patients

Abstract

Aim: Aims of this study was to evaluate vitamin D deficiency as an independent risk factor for acute Coronary Artery Disease and to assess its severity at various aged patients. Methods: A total of 268 patients were included in this study which was an observational cohort study. Based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, patients who were admitted in the Intensive Coronary Care Unit at Fortis Fit Rajan Dhal Hospital were selected and categorized as male or female and from 18 years upper aged groups such as 21-30 years, 31 to 40 years, 41 to 50 years, 61 to 70, 71-80, 81-90 and above 90 years.  Results: In this study Hypovitaminosis D was higher in male (75.7%) than female (24.3%) and the incidences of Hypovitaminosis D was highest to lowest in the following order; very higher in 51-60 years aged patients (41-50) years aged patients, 61-70 years aged patients, 71-80 years aged patients, 31- 40 years aged patients, 81-90 years aged patients, 21-30 years aged patients and lastly 91-100 years aged patients. From the total incidences only 118 were estimated for normal coronaries, 43 ACS/NSTEMI and 107 for STEMI. Therefore, the representation of vitamin D level severe deficiency ˂ 10 was seen in 47 Normal coronaries individuals, 17 in ACS/NSTEMI and 54 in STEMI. Similarly, deficiency ˂ 20 of vitamin D level was observed in 24 Normal coronaries, 16 in ACS/NSTEMI and 27 in STEMI individuals. Progressively insufficiency (21-29) of vitamin D level has seen in 18 normal coronaries, 3 in ACS/NSTEMI and 18 in STEMI individuals. Lastly normal level of (vitamin D˃30) was seen in 28 normal coronaries, 7 in ACS/NSTEMI and 8 in STEMI individuals. Regularly, hypertension is demonstrated in 57 normal coronaries, 28 in ACS/NSTEMI and 27 in STEMI individuals. Conclusion: There was significant correlation between hypovitaminosis D and coronary artery disease. Consequently, the early detection and management of hypovitaminosis D is essential to control unfavorable cardiovascular events. Recommendation:  Vitamin D supplementation should be given to patients with ACS and cardiac failure will decreases inflammatory indicators and develops health effects.