Two Level Prediction Error and Three Direction Shifting for Hiding Data in Digital Video

Abstract

Along with the development of information technology, information exchange has occured more frequently. Information security is one of the aspects that must be resolved to protect the data being transferred from a sender to a recipient without any third-party interference. Data hiding is a possible method to prevent third parties from detecting confidential information. A reliable data hiding method is required to make secret information hard to break. In this research, we improve the performance of the previous studies by designing two prediction errors to make the values in the second prediction error more similar to their closest values. It increases the payload capacity that can be embedded and reduces the possibility of its changes during the shifting process. Based on the experiments, we find that there is an increase in the value of the Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR) from that of other methods for various video covers and payload capacities. Furthermore, this method is also reversible, so the extracted video is the same as the cover.