Impact of Demographic Changes on Economic and Social Life

Valerică Toplicianu, Loredana Cristina Tănase
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引用次数: 1

Abstract

In Romania, as in most European countries, there is a tendency of demographic aging. This trend is based on two essential causes: a constant increase in life expectancy at birth and a decrease in birth rates. The demographic aging phenomenon has both direct and indirect consequences on the short-, medium- and long-term economic and social life of economic growth. The process of replacing generations in active working groups with those under the age of 24 will be affected as a result of demographic imbalances. Increasing the share of the elderly population will directly lead to increased economic pressure on people in active age groups. The question is, "Can the reduction in the share of the active population in the total population be offset by a corresponding increase in productivity?" If such compensation is not feasible, the likelihood of imbalances in the long run is relatively high. These imbalances are not only of an economic nature but can affect well-being in all its aspects.
人口变化对经济和社会生活的影响
罗马尼亚和大多数欧洲国家一样,有人口老龄化的趋势。这一趋势基于两个基本原因:出生时预期寿命的不断增加和出生率的下降。人口老龄化现象对经济增长的短期、中期和长期经济和社会生活都有直接和间接的影响。人口不平衡将影响到活跃的工作小组中以24岁以下的人取代几代人的进程。老年人口比例的增加将直接导致活跃年龄人群的经济压力增加。问题是,“劳动人口在总人口中所占比例的减少能否被相应的生产率提高所抵消?”如果这种补偿不可行,那么长期失衡的可能性就相对较高。这些不平衡不仅具有经济性质,而且可以影响福祉的各个方面。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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