Efficacy of Trichoderma against Colletotrichum capsici Causing Fruit Rot Due to Anthracnose of Chili (Capsicum annum L.)

The Agriculturists Pub Date : 2018-12-22 DOI:10.3329/AGRIC.V16I02.40345

M. Rahman, T. Ansari, M. F. Alam, Jr Moni, M. Ahmed

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引用次数: 5

Abstract

Five Trichoderma species/strains, Trichoderma virens IMI-392430, T. pseudokoningii IMI-392431, T. harzianum IMI-392432, T. harzianum IMI-392433 and T. harzianum IMI-392434 were tested against anthracnose and fruit rot of chilli. Effect of Trichoderma species in suppressing anthracnose and fruit rot as well as the growth and yield of chilli were evaluated. Seven treatments consisting of five Trichoderma strains, one Colletotrichum capsici and control were used as seed treatments. Chilli seeds were treated with spore suspension or secondary metabolites of each Trichoderma species/strain and C. capsici separately. Mixture of suspension of each Trichoderma species/strain with C. capsici was also used as spore suspension or secondary metabolites. Percent fruit infection in the control treatment was found almost similar to the treatment that contained T. viridae and T. pseudokoningii spore suspension or secondary metabolites. T. harzianum strains alone suppressed fruit infection (%) significantly. Further all the Trichoderma species/strains reduced the fruit infection (%) than the diseased control even when seeds were treated with Trichoderma separately mixing with C. capsici. Spore suspension of T. harzianum IMI-392433 was found much more effective against C. capsici which suppressed 95.8% and 79.6 % fruit infection respectively under natural (without C. capsici) and high inoculum pressure of C. capsici. All the tested Trichoderma species/strains showed higher plant growth and increased fruit yield irrespective of rest of the treatments. It was found that Trichoderma strains control chilli fruit rot significantly but high inoculum pressure of C. capsici reduced fruit yield drastically. Among the treatments, spore suspension of T. harzianum IMI-392433 increased the fruit yield 83.6% and 76.5% per plant compared to spore suspension of C. capsici and control treatments, respectively. These results implied that T. harzianum IMI-392433 can effectively control fruit rot of chili caused by C. capsici through host resistance and antifungal metabolite activity. The fruit yield was increased due to the influence of T. harzianum IMI-392433 on vigorous physiological growth of plants as well as efficacy against the disease. The Agriculturists 2018; 16(2) 75-87

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木霉对辣椒炭疽病引起的辣椒炭疽病的防治效果研究

研究了5种木霉对辣椒炭疽病和果腐病的防治效果，分别为:绿木霉IMI-392430、假柯宁木霉IMI-392431、哈兹霉IMI-392432、哈兹霉IMI-392433和哈兹霉IMI-392434。评价了不同木霉品种对辣椒炭疽病和果腐病的抑制作用以及辣椒的生长和产量。以5株木霉、1株辣椒炭疽菌和对照7个处理作为种子处理。分别用不同木霉种/菌株和辣椒木霉的孢子悬浮液或次生代谢物处理辣椒种子。各木霉种/菌株的悬浮液与辣椒辣椒菌的混合物也可作为孢子悬浮液或次生代谢物。对照处理的果实侵染率与含有假柯宁弧菌和假柯宁弧菌孢子悬浮液或次生代谢物的处理几乎相同。单独菌株对果实侵染有显著抑制作用(%)。此外，即使将木霉与辣椒红霉分别处理，所有木霉种/菌株的果实侵染率都比病对照低(%)。结果表明，在自然(不含辣椒粉)和高接种压力条件下，哈兹霉IMI-392433孢子悬浮液对辣椒粉的抑制效果较好，对果实侵染率分别为95.8%和79.6%。所有被试木霉种/菌株在其余处理下均表现出较高的植株生长和果实产量。结果表明，木霉菌株对辣椒果实腐病有较好的控制作用，而辣椒菌接种压力大，则严重降低果实产量。其中，哈兹霉IMI-392433孢子悬浮液比辣椒粉和对照的单株果产量分别提高83.6%和76.5%。上述结果表明，哈氏霉IMI-392433可以通过宿主抗性和抗真菌代谢活性等途径有效防治辣椒果腐病。由于哈兹霉IMI-392433对植株生理生长旺盛的影响以及对病害的防治作用，使哈兹霉的果实产量增加。农业学家2018;16 (2) 75 - 87

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