An analysis of direction-of-arrival estimation for closely spaced wideband sources in direction finding smart antennas

Abstract

This paper presents an analysis of direction-of-arrival estimation for closely spaced wideband sources in direction finding smart antennas. The relation between array manifold and source separation is derived. The analysis is applied for wideband farfield sources received by an arbitrary array of omnidirectional antenna elements. This analysis can also be applied for both one-dimensional (1D) estimation and two-dimensional (2D) estimation. Simulation is performed for comparison to analysis results, and it is shown that the analysis and simulation results are similar for the spectra of signals, the resolution threshold and minimum separation of sources.