IoT Long Range (LoRa) for Land Boundary Monitoring System

Abstract

The increasing population in Indonesia has resulted in an increase in the community's need for land ownership. Although the government has made regulations regarding the installation of land boundary markers using boundary markers, there are still several conflicts over land grabbing which are carried out by removing or removing land boundary markers that have been installed. For this reason, a prototype monitoring system for boundary markers based on the internet of things and a website was designed using the Long-Range (LoRa) module. LoRa or LoRaWAN is a Low Power Wide Area Network (LPWAN) technology. In this monitoring system, there is a GPS module on the LoRa end-device to detect the coordinates of the boundary markers. To make monitoring easier, the website designed will display data from the Firebase database. The system designed has QoS performance with a delay value from the LoRa end-device to the LoRa gateway at the lowest spreading factor of SF7, namely 0.751 seconds, while the highest is SF12, which is 2.514 seconds at a transmission distance of 500 m, and SF7 has the highest percentage of packet loss. The GPS used has an accuracy of 1.329096 m. SF7 has the lowest transmit current consumption compared to other SF when transmitting, namely 11.31 mA.