TOXICITY AND REPELLENCY EFFECTS OF FIVE ESSENTIAL OILS AGAINST TETRANYCHUS URTICAE KOCH, AND THE PREDATORY MITE AGISTEMUS EXSERTUS GONZALEZ (ACARI: TETRANYCHIDAE, STIGMAEIDAE)

Abstract

The present study was carried out to conduct a laboratory test of toxicity, and repellency or attractancy effects of five essential oils (garlic, thyme, menthol, jojoba and camphor) against Tetranychus urticae and Agistemus exsertus. Results indicated that garlic oil gave the highest percentages of mortality when used at 2% concentration (81.43%) as mean mortality after 7 days of spray on the two spotted spider mite, T. urticae followed by camphor, recorded 27.14, 42.86 and 65.00% mean mortality at 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0% concentrations, while jojoba oil recorded only 32.14% mean mortality ranged from 6.43 to 79.29% when concentrations from 0.5 to 10% used. The lowest effect was obtained when menthol oil was used, only 14.29% mean mortality obtained at 2.0% concentration while the highest mortality obtained at 10.0% concentration (77.86% after 7 days). As for the predatory mite, A. exsertus, data cleared that both garlic and camphor have high toxic effect when 5.0% and 10.0% concentrations used, recorded 66.43, 79.29% for garlic and 62.14, 77.14% for camphor. While thyme gave the lowest effect followed by jojoba with 10.0% concentration. The most safety oil on the predatory mite was menthol, without any effect at 0.5, 1.0, 2.0% concentration. Also, the study showed that menthol and camphor have high repellency effect after one and six hours, but the thyme oil have the lowest repellency effect where recorded the second class of repellency (21:40%) after one hour for T. urticae. The obtained results also indicated that the camphor oil have the highest repellency oil, 2.0% concentration for the predator mite A. exsertus. It could be concluded that both garlic and camphor are sufficient oils to control of T. urticae at 10.0% concentration and more toxic on A. exsertus, Also menthol have high repellency effect and good toxicity effect on T. urticae with safe use on A. exsertus also thyme have sufficient toxicity effect on T. urticae.