Fractions of Khaya grandifoliola C.DC and Entada africana Guill. et Perr. Protect against Acetaminophen (APAP)-induced Liver Damage and Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Rats

Abstract

Objectives: To investigate the effect of the fractions methylene chloride/methanol 25% (KF25) of K. grandifoliola and 10% (EF10) of E. africana pretreatment against APAP-induced liver damage and mitochondrial dysfunction in rats. Material and Methods: Each plant fraction was orally given to animals for seven days. In dose-response study both fractions were tested at the doses of 25 and 100mg/kg body weight (b.w). In the mitochondria dysfunction study the KF25 and EF10 were administered at 25 and 100 mg/kg b.w, respectively. For both studies, Silymarine was used as reference drug and tested at 100mg/kg b.w. After pretreatment period, animals were intoxicated by oral administration of APAP (1g/kg, b.w) and sacrificed by decapitation. Serum, liver homogenate and mitochondria fraction were prepared for biochemical analyses. Results: Silymarin, KF25 and EF10 exhibited respective percentage of hepatoprotection of 88.65, 86.21 and 86.83% and inhibited liver lipid peroxidation. Levels of liver reduced glutathion, superoxide dismutase, catalase and mitochondrial complexes (II, III and V) enzymes activities decreased upon administration of APAP and mitochondrial swelling were significantly (P<0.05) improved. Conclusions: This study highlights the protective effect of KF25 and EF10 against APAP-induced liver damage. These plant fractions may be good source of compounds for management of drug-induced hepatotoxicity. Key words: Khaya grandifoliola, Entada africana, Inhibition, Mitochondria dysfunction, Acetaminophen.