Evaluation of the human development index (HDI) using the methods of sample theory

Marija Antonijević, Đina Ivanović
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Abstract

This paper aims to determine which of the two sample plans, i.e., a simple random sample without replacement, or a stratified sample, gives a more accurate estimate of the feature's mean. The feature that was the subject of this research is the human development index in 2018. The analysis included 189 countries globally, classified into specific categories according to the United Nations development classification. The research results showed that a more accurate estimate of the mean of the human development index was obtained by applying a stratified sampling since the mean of the human development index is close to the population mean. Also, the variance of the sample mean is lower than the value obtained by applying a simple random sampling without replacement. Therefore, it was justified to approach stratification, which indicates that in the case of conducting research, the use of a stratified sampling should be considered since it provides a more precise estimate of the mean.
用样本理论的方法评价人类发展指数
本文旨在确定两种样本方案中,即不进行替换的简单随机样本和分层样本,哪一种能更准确地估计特征的平均值。本次研究的主题是2018年的人类发展指数。该分析包括全球189个国家,根据联合国发展分类将其分为特定类别。研究结果表明,由于人类发展指数的均值与总体均值较为接近,采用分层抽样法对人类发展指数均值的估计更为准确。同时,样本均值的方差小于不进行替换的简单随机抽样所得到的值。因此,分层是合理的,这表明在进行研究的情况下,应该考虑使用分层抽样,因为它提供了更精确的平均值估计。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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