Sequential Neighborhood Filariasis Transmission in Coastal Areas of Demak Regency, Indonesia

Abstract

Filariasis endemic area in Central Java, Indonesia, became wider from 2 regencies/cities to 9 regencies/cities. Most of the new filariasis regencies are coastal areas which have suitable sites for mosquito’s breeding and resting places. This study aimed to analyze neighborhood filariasis transmission in 20162018 in 4 coastal districts in Demak Regency, Central Java, Indonesia. It was observational study with spatiotemporal approach. Filariasis case documentation, observation and spatial mapping with ArchGIS and GPS were used to collect the data. The result showed that the location of 2017-filariasis-cases were within 1.5-2.6 km from 2016-filariasis-cases. The location of 2018-filariasis-cases were within 1.4-2.6 km from 2017-filariasiscases. The closest filariasis case from coastline were within 1 km radius. The distances between nearest cases were 1.2 km in 2016, 0.2 km in 2017, and 6.4 km in 2018. Those are in the range of Culex sp. and Anopheles sp. flight distance. It was concluded that environmental condition in filariasis cases surroundings were suitable for mosquitoes’ breeding and resting places. The environmental condition has not been changed in years and expedited filariasis transmission for the next year. Environmental condition had important role as filariasis transmission media. Keywords—filariasis, coastal area, Demak Regency