INCREASING THE WEAR RESISTANCE OF HEAVY LOADED FRICTION UNITS OF ANTI-FRICTION GAS THERMAL COATINGS

S. Popov, S. Shumykin, Н. Laptieva, M. Yuzhakov
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Abstract

Purpose. The purpose of this study is to establish technological conditions and parameters for obtaining materials for improving the performance of machine parts under conditions of heavily loaded friction units due to quasi-tribosystems of gas thermal sprayed anti-friction layers. Research methods. Priori data were used in combination with our own scientific developments of the dependences of the influence of the chemical composition of gas thermal sprayed anti-friction layers on the physical and mechanical properties of the surface layer of the material, which is destroyed under tribosystem conditions. Results. On the basis of the theoretical and practical scientific research, a set of relevant knowledge has been obtained, which makes it possible to determine the main criteria requirements for obtaining anti-friction layers and graphically describe the characteristics of the alloy and show the correlations of the parameters with each other. The positive role of aluminum as a soft component of anti-friction pseudoalloys, which is well sprayed by thermal metallization at an affordable cost, has been experimentally confirmed. It has been proven that gas thermal coatings in the form of pseudoalloys, consisting of particles with different physical and mechanical properties of materials, can have up to 2–3 times higher wear resistance compared to single-component coatings from materials included in the composition. Scientific novelty. Theoretical and practical scientific research with the reproduction of system analysis to increase the resistance to destruction under the conditions of quasi-tribosystems of gas thermal sprayed antifriction layers is given. It is shown that in order to ensure a good running in of the contacting surfaces in the friction zone and particles of hard material with high wear resistance and resistance against sticking with the counterbody, anti-friction pseudoalloys of coatings should contain zones of material particles with lower hardness to comply with the Charpy principle. It has been determined that when spraying composite wires for application as a solid component of anti-friction coatings, it is possible to use particles of alloying elements that form intermetallic compounds or phase components of alloys with a high hardness during melting. A comparative analysis showed that two-component coatings deposited with composite wires are characterized by higher hardness and wear resistance under high contact pressures compared to coatings of the same composition deposited with different types of solid wires. Practical value. The obtained results allow, within the framework of technical and technological accuracy, which is necessary in the practical engineering forecasts, to determine the physical and mechanical properties of wear resistant gas thermal sprayed anti-friction layers under conditions of quasi-tribosystems. Thus, in comparison with cast antifriction materials of the same composition, anti-friction layers obtained by thermal metallization have a 1.5–1.8 times higher wear resistance.
增加减摩气体热涂层重载摩擦单元的耐磨性
目的。本研究的目的是建立在气体热喷涂减摩层准摩擦系统下提高机械零件在高负荷摩擦单元条件下的性能所需材料的工艺条件和参数。研究方法。先验数据是结合我们自己的科学发展来使用的,即气体热喷涂抗摩擦层的化学成分对材料表层物理和机械性能的影响的依赖性,而材料表层在摩擦系统条件下被破坏。结果。在理论和实践科学研究的基础上,获得了一套相关知识,从而可以确定获得减摩层的主要准则要求,并以图形方式描述合金的特性,显示各参数之间的相关性。实验证实了铝作为抗摩擦伪合金的软成分的积极作用,热金属化喷涂效果好,成本低。事实证明,由具有不同材料物理和机械性能的颗粒组成的假合金形式的气体热涂层,与由组合物中包含的材料组成的单组分涂层相比,其耐磨性可高达2-3倍。科学的新奇。通过再现系统分析,对气体热喷涂减摩层在准摩擦系统条件下增加抗破坏能力进行了理论和实践科学研究。结果表明:为保证摩擦区接触面与高耐磨性、抗粘着性的硬质材料颗粒的良好磨合,涂层抗摩擦伪合金中应含有硬度较低的材料颗粒区,符合夏比原理。已经确定,当喷涂复合钢丝作为抗摩擦涂层的固体成分时,可以使用合金元素的颗粒,这些颗粒在熔化过程中形成金属间化合物或具有高硬度的合金的相组分。对比分析表明,复合线材制备的双组分涂层在高接触压力下具有更高的硬度和耐磨性。实用价值。所得结果允许在技术和工艺精度的框架内,这是实际工程预测所必需的,以确定准摩擦系统条件下耐磨气体热喷涂减摩层的物理力学性能。因此,与相同成分的铸造减摩材料相比,热金属化获得的减摩层具有1.5-1.8倍的耐磨性。
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