Effective weather/frequency-based transmission line models—Part I: Fundamental equations

Abstract

Most of electric power system studies presented in the literature are conducted based on steady-state weather and frequency. It is known that the conductor's resistance is sensitive to the surrounding temperature and the conductor's inductive and capacitive reactances are sensitive to the system's frequency. Thus, neglecting the dynamic effects of these three quantities could violate any pre-defined feasible solution of those studies. More than that, even if the feasibility criterion is still valid, the final solution could be shifted from its optimal setting. Many attempts have been introduced to solve this important aspect. However, the models suggested by those researches are either: very complicated, consume high CPU time, or designed for some specific tasks. This paper re-derives the Telegrapher's equations from this perspective. That is, solving the main cause of the problem can guarantee the root solution to all the related studies. The objective is to keep the generality of these studies by shifting all the mathematical issues to the Telegrapher's equations. This part of the study focuses on transmission lines. Some experiments are solved with this temperature/frequency-based (TFB) model.