Sugarbeet Response To Nitrogen At Four Harvest Dates

J. Eckhoff
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引用次数: 6

Abstract

Early sugarbeet (Beta vulgaris L.) harvest in the Northern Great Plains extends the processing period by a month or more. Early harvest starts before optimum sugarbeet yield and quality are achieved, so practices which increase yield or quality of early harvested sugarbeet are valuable. Nitrogen (N) management is an important component of sugarbeet production that may be a way to improve yield and quality of both early and late harvested sugarbeet. Yield and quality of sugarbeet to three rates of fertilizer N were evaluated when harvested at different dates. The study was conducted under furrow fl ood irrigation from 1992 to 1995 at the Eastern Ag­ ricultural Research Center in Sidney, Montana. AppJied N was based on a budget that considered residual soil N to 120 cm, N expected to be mineralized from organic matter, and expected yield. Three rates of N, 75%, 100%, and 125% of the recommended N rate (5 kg for each Mg of expected root yield ) were applied in random strips through the field prior to planting by knifing liquid N (28-0-0) between rows. Four harvest dates were the beginning of early harvest, the begin­ ning of main harvest, a date midway between the first and third dates, and a date near the end of the main harvest cam­ paign. The lowest N rate usually resulted in greater sucrose content, and greater extraction than the recommended and increased N rates. Economic returns for sugarbeet fertilized with each N rate varied from year to year, but on average, the recommended N rate resulted in greatest income per acre at the earliest harvest date and the latest harvest date, the low­ est N rate resulted in greatest income at the later date of the early harvest period, and increased N rate resulted in the
四个收获期甜菜对氮素的响应
北部大平原的甜菜(Beta vulgaris L.)的早期收获延长了一个月或更长时间的加工期。在甜菜达到最佳产量和质量之前就开始了早期收获,因此提高早期收获甜菜产量或质量的做法是有价值的。氮(N)管理是甜菜生产的重要组成部分,可能是提高早收和晚收甜菜产量和质量的一种方法。研究了3种氮肥水平下不同采收期甜菜的产量和品质。这项研究从1992年到1995年在蒙大拿州西德尼的东部农业研究中心进行了沟灌灌溉。施氮量是基于120 cm以下土壤残氮、有机质矿化氮和预期产量的预算。种植前,在田间随机施施75%、100%和125%推荐施氮量(每Mg预期根产量5 kg)的3种施氮量,行间施施28-0-0液氮。四个收获日期是早期收获的开始,主要收获的开始,第一和第三个日期之间的日期,以及主要收获活动结束的日期。最低施氮量通常导致蔗糖含量增加,提取率高于推荐施氮量和增加施氮量。不同施氮量甜菜的经济效益各不相同,但平均而言,推荐施氮量在早收获期和晚收获期亩产收入最高,最低施氮量在早收获期后期亩产收入最高,施氮量增加后亩产收入最高
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