Taxonomic revision of the family Psammobiidae (Bivalvia:Tellinoidea) in the Australian and New Zealand region

R. Willan
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引用次数: 27

Abstract

Thirty-seven species of Psammobiidae are recognised in a conchologically-based revision of taxa in the Australian and New Zealand region. Four genera are represented: Asaphis Modeer, l793; Heteroglypta Martens, 1880; Gari Schumacher, 1817; Soletellina Blainville, 1824. The largest genus, Gari, is divided into nine subgenera: Gari sensu stricto; Psammobia Lamarck, 1818; Gobraeus Brown, 1844; Dysmea DaB, Bartsch & Rehder, 1936; Kermadysmea Powell, 1958; Psammotaena Dall, 1900; Crassulobia n.subgen.; Psammobella Gray, 1851; Psammodonax Cossmann, 1877. Subgenera are not recognised for any of the other three genera. One new species, Gari (Gobraeus) eos, from the Chesterfield-Bellona Plateau in the Coral Sea is described. Asaphis nana Powell, 1958, Psammobia flexuosa A. Adams & Reeve, 1850, Psammobia brazieri Tate, 1886 and the genus Ascitellina Marwick, 1928 are excluded from the Psammobiidae as presently defined and transferred to the Tellinidae because all possess lateral teeth in at least one valve. Asaphis nana is possibly a species of Agnomyax Stewart, 1930. Psammobia flexuosa is a junior synonym of Cymatoica undulata (Hanley, 1844). Psammobia brazieri is probably a species of Tellina Linne. Ascitellina may be synonymous with Elliptotellina Cossmann, 1887. Psammobia vitrea QUoy & Gaimard, 1835 is transferred to the Galeommatidae, probably to the genus Scintilla Deshayes, 1856. The region possess the highest species diversity known anywhere for the family. Biogeographically, two faunas are discernible a considerably larger one towards the north essentially of widespread tropical Indo-west Pacific taxa (24 species), and a much smaller temperate one consisting of taxa endemic to southern Australia (5 species), and to New Zealand (5 species). Only three northern Australian species have limited distribution ranges: Gari eos n.sp.; G. rasilis (Melvill & Standen, 1899); G. gracilenta (E.A. Smith, 1884). The wealth of taxa enabled some preliminary phylogenetic consideration of the family. No autapomorphy emerged amongst the approximately 40 shell characters described for each species. Lack of a posterior flexure is considered symplesiomorphic. Lack of lateral teeth and fusion of the lower limb of the pallial sinus with the pallial line are synapomorphies that have apparently evolved independently several times (ie, homeoplaseous characters) in the Tellinoidea. The few anatomical studies available are
澳洲及纽西兰地区沙蝇科(双壳亚纲:tellino总科)的分类修正
在澳大利亚和新西兰地区的分类群的一个基于心理学的修订中,确认了37种沙生蝇科。有4个属:Asaphis Modeer, 1993;马滕斯,1880;加里·舒马赫,1817年;Soletellina Blainville(1824年)最大的属,Gari,分为九个亚属:Gari sensu stricto;Psammobia Lamarck, 1818;Gobraeus Brown (1844);Dysmea DaB, Bartsch & Rehder, 1936;Kermadysmea Powell, 1958;Psammotaena Dall, 1900;Crassulobia n.subgen。Psammobella Gray, 1851;科斯曼(1877年)其他三个属的亚属都不被认可。描述了珊瑚海切斯特菲尔德-贝洛纳高原的一种新种——哥布雷氏(Gobraeus)。Asaphis nana Powell, 1958年,Psammobia flexuosa A. Adams & Reeve, 1850年,Psammobia brazieri Tate, 1886年和Ascitellina Marwick, 1928年都被排除在目前定义的Psammobiidae之外,并转移到Tellinidae,因为它们都至少在一个阀中具有侧齿。Asaphis nana可能是Agnomyax Stewart, 1930年的一种。Psammobia flexuosa是Cymatoica undulata的初级同义词(Hanley, 1844)。巴西Psammobia brazieri可能是Tellina Linne的一种。Ascitellina可能与Elliptotellina Cossmann(1887)同义。Psammobia vitrea QUoy & Gaimard, 1835年被转移到Galeommatidae,可能是Scintilla Deshayes属,1856年。该地区拥有该科已知的最高物种多样性。在生物地理上,可以辨认出两个区系:一个较大的区系主要分布在印度-西太平洋的热带区系(24种),一个较小的温带区系由南澳大利亚特有的区系(5种)和新西兰特有的区系(5种)组成。只有三种澳大利亚北部物种有有限的分布范围:Gari eos n.sp;G. rasilis (Melvill & Standen, 1899);G.格雷斯伦塔(E.A.史密斯,1884)。分类群的丰富使我们能够对这个科进行一些初步的系统发育研究。在每个物种所描述的大约40个壳性状中没有出现自异形。缺乏后屈被认为是单形性的。在Tellinoidea中,缺乏侧齿和苍白窦下肢与苍白线的融合是明显独立进化了几次的突触形态(即同源性特征)。现有的少数解剖学研究是
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