FAKTOR DETERMINAN KEJADIAN BERAT BAYI LAHIR RENDAH (BBLR) DI RSUD KOJA

Abstract

Abstract Background: Globally, it is estimated that 15–20% of all births, or >20 million newborns annually, are low birth weight infants. Low- and middle-income countries account for a disproportionate burden of LBW. Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the associated risk factors of LBW in Koja Hospital Method: This study used a cross-sectional study. The sample consisted of 233 respondents from 4,169 total population of mothers giving birth at the Koja Regional General Hospital in 2019. The dependent variable was LBW and the independent variables were anemia, chronic energy deficiency (CED), maternal age, and pregnancy distance. The sampling technique was systematic random sampling. Data analysis used a Chi-Square Test. Result: The prevalence was 48.1% for LBW. The factors associated with LBW in Koja Hospital were age and CED (p value= 0.009 and 0.001). Anemia and pregnancy spacing was no significant relationship with LBW in Koja Hospital (p value=0.308 and 0.544). Conclusion: There was a significant relationship between CED and the age of maternal and LBW in Koja Hospital. Mothers who experience CED during pregnancy can improve and maintain nutritional intake and increase the amount of consumption, especially to consume of energy-containing foods.    Keywords: LBW, age of maternal, chronic energy deficiency, anemia.   Abstrak Latar belakang: Secara global, estimasi sebanyak 15-20% kelahiran, atau >20 juta bayi baru lahir mengalami BBLR. Negara dengan pendapatan rendah dan sedang bertanggung jawab terhadap bebean BBLR yang tidak proporsional. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor determinan yang berhubungan dengan kejadian BBLR di RSUD Koja tahun 2018 Metode: Desain studi yang digunakan adalah cross sectional. Jumlah sampel pada penelitian ini sebanyak 233 responden dengan total populasi sebanyak 4.169. Variabel dependen adalah BBLR dan variabel independent adalah anemia, KEK, usia ibu, dan jarak kehamilan. Sapel dipilih secara sistematik acak. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji Chi-Square. Hasil: Prevelanse BBLR pada penelitian ini sebanyak 48,1%. Ada hubungan yang bermakna antara KEK dan usia ibu dengan kejadian BBLR di RSUD Koja (p value= 0.009 and 0.001). Anemia dan jarak kehamilan tidak berhubungan signifikan dengan kejadian BBLR di RSUD Koja (p value=0.308 and 0.544). Kesimpulan: Ada hubungan yang bermakna antara KEK dan usia ibu dengan kejadian BBLR. Disarankan kepada ibu yang mengalami KEK selama hamil perlu meningkatkan dan menjaga asupan gizi terutama makanan yang menagndung energi.  Kata kunci: BBLR,usia ibu, kekurangan energi kronis, anemia.