Investigation of Genetic Diversity and Structure Analysis of Different Citrus Genotypes Using ISSR Markers

A. Abouzari, A. Dadras, B. Golein, Y. Tajvar
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引用次数: 1

Abstract

In breeding programs, it is necessary having knowledge of the relatedness and genetic diversity in germplasm pools. The spread of cultivated regions and the high levels of production indicates citrus importance in the global economy. Therefore, 110 citrus genotypes were evaluated using 12 ISSR markers. Overall, 154 polymorphic bands were scored with an average of 12.8 alleles per primer. The polymorphism percentage ranged from 57 for the ISSR1 to 82 for the ISSR9. Averages of polymorphic information content (PIC), marker index (MI), gene diversity index (Nei), Shannon index (I) and number of effective alleles (Ne) were 0.48 ± 0.002, 6.14 ± 1.17, 0.42 ± 0.11, 0.61 ± 0.12 and 1.78 ± 0.27, respectively. Based on genetic diversity statistics, the studied population had high genetic diversity, and four markers (ISSR11, ISSR9, ISSR4, and ISSR5) had more potential for differentiation of genotypes. Cluster analysis and model-based structure analysis, divided the genotypes into five groups and four subpopulations based on the Neighbor-Joining method (NJ) and Bayesian approach, respectively. Based on both analyses, grouping of unknown genotypes and control cultivars in the same group probably confirms the assumption of a common genetic background between these genotypes. Results from the two analyses showed that Pummelo (C. maxima), Mandarin (C. reticulate), and Citron (C. medica), as three true citrus species, separated in different groups. In addition to the three true species, at least one species or another genus of citrus relatives is involved in the genetic makeup of the studied population. In this study, although both used analyses were effective in completing each other's information, by considering the degree of genetic mixing and the information of the origin of the genotypes, the effectiveness of model-based structure analysis in evaluating genetic relationships could be achieved.
利用ISSR标记对柑橘不同基因型的遗传多样性及结构分析
在育种计划中,有必要了解种质池的亲缘性和遗传多样性。种植区域的分布和高水平的生产表明柑橘在全球经济中的重要性。利用12个ISSR标记对110个柑橘基因型进行了鉴定。总体而言,154个多态性条带被标记,平均每个引物有12.8个等位基因。多态性百分比从ISSR1的57%到ISSR9的82%不等。多态性信息含量(PIC)、标记指数(MI)、基因多样性指数(Nei)、Shannon指数(I)和有效等位基因数(Ne)的平均值分别为0.48±0.002、6.14±1.17、0.42±0.11、0.61±0.12和1.78±0.27。遗传多样性统计表明,研究群体具有较高的遗传多样性,其中4个标记ISSR11、ISSR9、ISSR4和ISSR5具有较大的基因型分化潜力。聚类分析和基于模型的结构分析,分别基于邻域连接法(NJ)和贝叶斯方法将基因型划分为5个类群和4个亚种群。根据这两项分析,将未知基因型和对照品种归为同一组可能证实了这些基因型之间存在共同遗传背景的假设。结果表明,Pummelo (C. maxima)、Mandarin (C. reticulate)和Citron (C. medica)是3个真正的柑橘属植物,在不同的类群中分离。除了这三个真正的物种外,至少有一个物种或另一个柑橘近亲属参与了研究群体的基因构成。在本研究中,虽然两种分析方法都能有效地完成彼此的信息,但考虑到遗传混合程度和基因型起源的信息,可以实现基于模型的结构分析在评估遗传关系方面的有效性。
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