Sexual Dimorphism from Visual Examination of Tongue in Satara District

Abstract

Identification of an individual plays a very important role in any crime investigation, mass disaster, and deceased cases.[1] Human identification is one of the challenging areas, and it is based on unique physiological parameters is the central dogma of forensic identification and biometric authentication. Traditional biometrics like face, iris, fingerprint, palm print, and voice have been used in biometric authentication but has an inherent limitation in that they are easily forged.[2] The tongue is a vital organ which is well enclosed within the oral cavity, having its own blood and nervous supply and is composed of extrinsic and intrinsic muscles controlling its movement and also papillae which is characteristic. It is unique to each person in its surface characteristics mainly, shape, surface texture, and size. This uniqueness of tongue may aid in individual identification and thus may serve as a new biometric tool.[3] The uniqueness of the tongue print is that no two tongues are the same, and studies have found that the tongue of identical twins also does not resemble each other. The tongue provides both static and dynamic features for authentication.[4] It presents both geometric shape information and physiological texture information which are potentially useful in identity verification applications. The shape of the individual tongue is constant, notwithstanding its instinctive squirm and its physiological textures are invariant even as the coating of the tongue changes. [5] With this background, a study was designed to classify variations in morphological characteristics of the tongue as observed on photographs and to assess the usefulness of tongue replica for Abstract