Agro-Morphological Traits Diversity in Tef [Eragrostis Tef (Zucc.) Trotter] Genotypes from Various Sources

Ethiopian Journal of Agricultural Sciences Pub Date : 2018-09-30 DOI:10.7892/BORIS.121429

Habte Jifar, K. Dagne, K. Tesfaye, K. Assefa, Z. Tadele

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引用次数: 4

Abstract

አህፅሮት ጤፍ መገኛው በኢትዮጵያ የሆነ ፈርጀ-ብዙ የአመራረት፣ የአመጋገብና የጤና ጠቀሜታ ያለው ሰብል ቢሆንም ምርታማነቱ በተለያዩ ማነቆዎች የተነሳ በሰፊው ከሚመረቱት የብርዕና አገዳ ሰብሎች አንፃር እጅግ ዝቅ ያለ ነው፡፡ ያለንን የጤፍ ዝርያ ብዝሃነት ማጥናት ግን እነኚህን የምርት ማነቆዎች ተቋቁመው የተሻለ ምርት ሊሰጡ የሚችሉ ዝርያዎችን ለመለየት ዕድል ይፈጠራል፡፡ የዚህ ጥናት ዓላማ ከተለያዩ ምንጮች የተገኙ 188 የጤፍ ብዝሃ-ዘሮችን በሆለታና በደብረ ዘይት ምርምር ማዕከል ውስጥ በኮምፕሊቲሊ ረንዶማይዝድ ብሎክ ዲዛይን ዘርቶ በመገምገም ያላቸውን የዝርያ ተለያይነት፣ ብዝሃነትና ስብጥር ምን እንደሚመስል ለማወቅ ነበር፡፡ በዚህ ጥናት መረጃዎችን ለመተንተን የቫሪያንስ፣ የክላስተር እና የፕሪንሲፓል ኮምፖንነት ትንተና ዘዴዎች ሥራ ላይ ውለዋል፡፡ የዚህ ትንተና ውጤት በስብስቦቹ መካከል ከፍተኛ የሆነ የመድረሻ ጊዜ (ፌኖሎጂ)፣ የምርታማነትና የምርት ኮምፖነንት፣ የግሽበት እና የሞርፎሎጂ ባህሪያት ተለያይነት እንዳለ ይጠቁማሉ፡፡ በተጨማሪ የክላስተር ትንተና በጥናቱ ውስጥ የተካተቱ 188 ብዝሃ-ዘሮችን ወደ ስድስት ቦታ ሲመድባቸው፤ 14 ፖፑለሽኖች ደግሞ ወደ አራት ምድብ ከፍሏቿዋል፡፡ እነዚህ ቡድኖች ግን በማህበረሰብ ከቦታ ቦታ ዝውውር የተነሳ የግድ የዘረ-መል ዝምድናንና የአካባቢ ቅርበትን መሰረት ያደረጉ ብቻ ሆነው አልተገኙም፡፡ የዚህ ጥናት ውጤት በአጠቃላይ ወደፊት በጤፍ ምርምር ማሻሻያ ውስጥ ልንጠቀምባቸው የምንችላቸው የብዝሃ-ዘር ተለያይነት እንዳለ ይጠቁማል፡፡ Abstract A total of 188 tef genotypes including 144 pure lines selected from germplasm collection, 35 released varieties, eight breeding lines and their parents were evaluated in three replications at two locations in Ethiopia. The objectives were to assess the magnitude and pattern of phenotypic diversity in tef genotypes obtained from various sources in Ethiopia. Combined analysis of variance revealed highly significant (P < 0.01) differences among genotypes, locations and genotype by environment interaction for all studied traits. Thus, wide ranges of variations were observed for days to heading (40.3 to 60.8 days) and maturity (101 to 122.5 days), plant height (60.7 to 107.1 cm), panicle length (19.5 to 39.5 cm), number of fertile tillers per plant (2.1 to 5.5) and spikelet per panicle (156.7 to 441.7), 1000 kernel weights (20.7 to 33.0 mg), grain yield (3.7 to 7.3 t/ha) and lodging index (44.7 to 79.3%). Cluster analysis revealed six distinct clusters of 188 individual tef genotypes while the 14 populations were grouped into four distinct clusters. In general, existence of sufficient level of genetic variation was revealed for future use in tef improvement.

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Tef [Eragrostis Tef (Zucc.)]的农业形态性状多样性来自不同来源的基因型

አህፅሮትጤፍመገኛውበኢትዮጵያየሆነፈርጀ——ብዙየአመራረት፣የአመጋገብናየጤናጠቀሜታያለውሰብልቢሆንምምርታማነቱበተለያዩማነቆዎችየተነሳበሰፊውከሚመረቱትየብርዕናአገዳሰብሎችአንፃርእጅግዝቅያለነው፡፡ያለንንየጤፍዝርያብዝሃነትማጥናትግንእነኚህንየምርትማነቆዎችተቋቁመውየተሻለምርትሊሰጡየሚችሉዝርያዎችንለመለየትዕድልይፈጠራል፡፡የዚህጥናትዓላማከተለያዩምንጮችየተገኙ188የጤፍብዝሃ——ዘሮችንበሆለታናበደብረዘይትምርምርማዕከልውስጥበኮምፕሊቲሊረንዶማይዝድብሎክዲዛይንዘርቶበመገምገምያላቸውንየዝርያተለያይነት፣ብዝሃነትናስብጥርምንእንደሚመስልለማወቅነበር፡፡በዚህጥናትመረጃዎችንለመተንተንየቫሪያንስ፣የክላስተርእናየፕሪንሲፓልኮምፖንነትትንተናዘዴዎችሥራላይውለዋል፡፡የዚህትንተናውጤትበስብስቦቹመካከልከፍተኛየሆነየመድረሻጊዜ(ፌኖሎጂ)፣የምርታማነትናየምርትኮምፖነንት፣የግሽበትእናየሞርፎሎጂባህሪያትተለያይነትእንዳለይጠቁማሉ፡፡በተጨማሪየክላስተርትንተናበጥናቱውስጥየተካተቱ188ብዝሃ——ዘሮችንወደስድስትቦታሲመድባቸው፤14ፖፑለሽኖችደግሞወደአራትምድብከፍሏቿዋል፡፡እነዚህቡድኖችግንበማህበረሰብከቦታቦታዝውውርየተነሳየግድየዘረ——መልዝምድናንናየአካባቢቅርበትንመሰረትያደረጉብቻሆነውአልተገኙም፡፡የዚህጥናትውጤትበአጠቃላይወደፊትበጤፍምርምርማሻሻያውስጥልንጠቀምባቸውየምንችላቸውየብዝሃ——ዘርተለያይነትእንዳለይጠቁማል፡፡文摘188微软目前基因型包括144纯行选择从种质资源收集、发布35个品种,在埃塞俄比亚的两个地点对8个育种系及其亲本进行了3次重复评价。目的是评估从埃塞俄比亚不同来源获得的tef基因型的表型多样性的大小和模式。综合方差分析显示，各性状基因型、地理位置和环境互作差异极显著(P < 0.01)。因此，在抽穗期(40.3 ~ 60.8天)和成熟期(101 ~ 122.5天)、株高(60.7 ~ 107.1 cm)、穗长(19.5 ~ 39.5 cm)、单株可育分蘖数(2.1 ~ 5.5)和穗粒数(156.7 ~ 441.7)、千粒重(20.7 ~ 33.0 mg)、籽粒产量(3.7 ~ 7.3吨/公顷)和倒伏指数(44.7 ~ 79.3%)等方面均存在较大的变异。聚类分析显示188个tef基因型有6个不同的聚类，14个居群可分为4个不同的聚类。总的来说，存在足够水平的遗传变异，为今后的tef改良提供了条件。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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Ethiopian Journal of Agricultural Sciences

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