The Research of the Digital Beamforming Algorithm for Optimal Noise Reduction in a Cylindrical Antenna Array with Directive Radiators

Abstract

At present, digital antenna arrays are of growing research interest, since they allow us to form nulls and maxima of the radiation pattern without involving additional devices, but in the processing unit. This paper studies digital beamforming in three-dimensional space, i.e., in azimuth and angle of elevation on the example of a statistically optimal noise reduction algorithm in the channels of the array. A matrix-vector expression was obtained for calculating the vector of weight coefficients in a digital antenna array. The results of modeling a cylindrical antenna array of directive radiators are presented. The characteristics of a cylindrical digital antenna array are studied depending on the SNR (signal-to-noise ratio) for antenna elements with different directivity, and depending on the directive gain of antenna elements. The characteristics of digital beamforming, such as peak power, side lobe level, null depth, antenna gain, and others, were evaluated.