Housing Problem in Ukraine on the Background of War 2022

Abstract

The purpose of the article is to identify the most acceptable anti-crisis actions and decisions in the housing sphere during military conflict, as well as to evaluate the possibility of their use as a foundation in the formation of state housing policy in the postwar years. The urgency of monitoring the impact of war on the situation in the housing sphere and the study of existing international experience and unique for Ukraine practices on providing the population with housing in crisis conditions is undeniable due to the loss of housing by hundreds of thousands of Ukrainians. In the course of the study, to define the most acceptable anti-crisis actions and decisions in the housing sphere during the military conflict, we used methods of qualitative, comparative analysis, statistical and calculation methods. A review of the most successful international practices in solving housing problems in crisis situations was carried out and the possibility of their application in Ukraine in war conditions was analyzed. The scale of the loss of housing stock and infrastructure, primarily in the regions where active hostilities took place, was studied. The main ways of providing access to temporary and permanent housing for the population that suffered property losses due to the war are identified. The ability of the state, depending on the chosen path, to solve the housing issue for internally displaced persons and for the population whose housing was destroyed was analyzed. It was revealed that the most likely approach to providing the population with temporary housing is the use of rapid construction technologies, in particular, modular houses. Based on the simulation, the ability of the population from regions where hostilities took place / are ongoing to independently provide themselves with housing by renting or buying real estate in safer regions was assessed. It was revealed that the vast majority of the population has the opportunity to solve the housing problem with the help of a short lease, but the further continuation of the war will significantly reduce their ability to afford it. It was also found that as a result of the war, the availability of housing purchases decreased for Ukrainians. Consequently, the population of Ukraine, regardless of the region of residence, is mainly not able to independently solve the housing problem without the support of the state.