Modeling and Dynamic Simulation of Voltage Fluctuations in Low-Voltage Grids and Validation Using Field Test Data

Abstract

Climate targets of the European Union necessitate a new approach to electrical power generation and distribution. The requirements for low-voltage (LV) grids are changing due to the distributed generation of electrical energy as a consequence of the decarbonization of the energy and mobility sectors. However, photovoltaic systems and charging stations for electric vehicles are often connected with a single-phase to the three-phase LV grid, which is commonly constructed with asymmetrical cables. In order to represent both the asymmetric cable characteristics and the load conditions, it is necessary for detailed modeling to consider distribution grids as asymmetrical. The aim of this work is to provide accurate distribution grid models which can be used to simulate the dynamic behavior of a real LV grid. Finally, the presented analytical model is validated by field test data.