Development of Soviet-Japanese Scientific Relations in the Soviet period

Abstract

Relevance. At present, the implementation of bilateral scientific cooperation programs between Japan and Russia is difficult due to the aggravated international situation. However, scientific contacts need to be developed, as they con-tribute to mutual understanding between the Russian and Japanese peoples, even under the condition of political differ-ences. An appeal to the Soviet experience in the development of interaction between the USSR and Japan in the field of science will allow taking into account the accumulated experience, various forms and ways of establishing a bilateral scientific dialogue between countries at the present stage. The purpose of the study is to determine the forms of Soviet-Japanese scientific interaction in the Soviet period. Research objectives: to identify the contribution of government, public structures, and individuals to the devel-opment of Soviet-Japanese scientific ties, to study the mechanism of scientific interaction between the USSR and Ja-pan. Methodology. The comparative-historical and chronological methods were used in the work. Results. The author traces the activities of governmental and public organizations of Japan and the USSR, the contribution of private companies and individual scientists to the development of Soviet-Japanese scientific ties. The activities of Japanese and Soviet universities to establish bilateral scientific exchange and book exchange have been studied. Conclusion. During the Soviet period, book exchange became one of the forms of Soviet-Japanese scientific cooperation. An effective form of bilateral scientific cooperation has become direct contacts between scientists of the two countries at international scientific conferences and during visits of researchers to the USSR and Japan. The most intensively developing form of scientific interaction was scientific exchanges between Japanese and Soviet institutions. It should be noted the significant contribution of individual institutions and public organizations of the countries to the development of scientific bilateral relations. The factors stimulating the development of scientific exchanges were the study of Russian and Japanese languages, the conclusion of long-term cooperation agreements. In addition, scientific exchanges were significantly intensified by changes in the political and economic situation in the Soviet state in the second half of the 1980s.