An image tamper detection and recovery method using multiple watermarks

Abstract

This paper presents a tamper detection and recovery method using a self-embedding watermarking technique in the spatial domain. Since watermarks in the spatial domain are fragile and sensitive to any change of an image, it is suitable for tamper detection. We propose to use two lowest bit planes of an original image to embed 10 watermarks (WMs) in total. Two different resolutions of WMs are generated by down-sampling the original image. Two identical WMs of higher resolution occupy the least-significant bit (LSB) plane of the original image, while 8 identical WMs of lower resolution are embedded to the 2nd-bit (SB) plane. Tamper detection is performed using the SB plane and the recovery of the original image is conducted using the LSB plane. Statistical evaluation of our experimental results show that the proposed method can detect and recover local image tampers successfully.