{"title":"Retrouver les victimes. Naufragés et rescapés au procès de Nuremberg","authors":"Guillaume Mouralis","doi":"10.3917/DRS1.102.0243","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"EnglishThis article examines the place and status of victims in the international Nuremberg trial (1945-1946). Based on varied sources, it shows that the victims were considered in collective and national terms rather than as individuals suffering individually; this is evidenced by the work of the Allied legal teams as well as the mobilizations for an official representation of Jewish victims in the prosecutor’s office or, at least, as amicus curiae. The article then turns to the fourteen individual victims cited as witnesses by the prosecution. It explores the meaning assigned to their testimony, their ability to overplay their role, and how the trial furthered specific “testimonial careers.” Ultimately, by measuring the gap between the “victim” of 1945 and that of today, this article reflects on the emergence of this contemporary figure of the victim seeking (individual) recognition of its statute by judicial means. francaisCet article s’interroge sur la place et le statut des victimes au proces international de Nuremberg (1945-1946). A partir de sources variees, il montre d’abord que les victimes ont ete plutot pensees comme collectives et nationales que comme individuelles et individuellement souffrantes ; c’est ce dont temoignent autant le travail des magistrats que les mobilisations en faveur d’une representation officielle des victimes juives au sein de l’accusation ou encore a titre d’amicus curiae. L’article s’arrete ensuite sur les quatorze victimes individuelles citees comme temoins par l’accusation : il explore le sens assigne a leur temoignage, leur aptitude a deborder leur role, la maniere dont se nouent, lors du proces, de veritables carrieres testimoniales. En definitive, en mesurant l’ecart qui separe « la » victime de 1945 de celle d’aujourd’hui, il s’agit de reflechir aux conditions sociohistoriques d’emergence de cette figure contemporaine de la victime cherchant une reconnaissance (individuelle) de son statut par voie judiciaire","PeriodicalId":447334,"journal":{"name":"Droit et société","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Droit et société","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.3917/DRS1.102.0243","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
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Abstract
EnglishThis article examines the place and status of victims in the international Nuremberg trial (1945-1946). Based on varied sources, it shows that the victims were considered in collective and national terms rather than as individuals suffering individually; this is evidenced by the work of the Allied legal teams as well as the mobilizations for an official representation of Jewish victims in the prosecutor’s office or, at least, as amicus curiae. The article then turns to the fourteen individual victims cited as witnesses by the prosecution. It explores the meaning assigned to their testimony, their ability to overplay their role, and how the trial furthered specific “testimonial careers.” Ultimately, by measuring the gap between the “victim” of 1945 and that of today, this article reflects on the emergence of this contemporary figure of the victim seeking (individual) recognition of its statute by judicial means. francaisCet article s’interroge sur la place et le statut des victimes au proces international de Nuremberg (1945-1946). A partir de sources variees, il montre d’abord que les victimes ont ete plutot pensees comme collectives et nationales que comme individuelles et individuellement souffrantes ; c’est ce dont temoignent autant le travail des magistrats que les mobilisations en faveur d’une representation officielle des victimes juives au sein de l’accusation ou encore a titre d’amicus curiae. L’article s’arrete ensuite sur les quatorze victimes individuelles citees comme temoins par l’accusation : il explore le sens assigne a leur temoignage, leur aptitude a deborder leur role, la maniere dont se nouent, lors du proces, de veritables carrieres testimoniales. En definitive, en mesurant l’ecart qui separe « la » victime de 1945 de celle d’aujourd’hui, il s’agit de reflechir aux conditions sociohistoriques d’emergence de cette figure contemporaine de la victime cherchant une reconnaissance (individuelle) de son statut par voie judiciaire