The Comparative Study of Anti-Windup PID Controllers for Steam Distillation Process

Abstract

The steam distillation processes are widely utilized in essential oil extraction process. The essential oils extracted from the process contribute higher yield, green environment and low cost in manufacturing processes. Conventionally, the essential oils extracted using steam distillation technique is directly heated with uncontrolled temperature. The disclosure botanical raw material to the high degree of temperature will contribute degradation of essential oils produced. Consequently, the quality of essential oils has no value in market price and may disposed due to unuseable for cosmetics and pharmaceuticals manufacturing purpose. Due to that reason, to regulate steam distillation process with efficient system the intelligent controller is important. In addition, the controller developed should have capability to capture and control dynamic behavior of the system. In order to produce the essential oils, the Small-Medium Scale Steam Distillation System is developed and integrated with PID controller to control the temperature at desired setpoint. Unfortunately, its reveal nonlinearity of dynamic behavior where; wind up phenomenon always attack the system. The phenomenon is occur due to controller has no capability to unwind the system and resulting operate at undesired set point (temperature) and unstable dynamic. To overcome the windup phenomenon issue; the Anti-Windup integrated in PID controller are developed and capable to reset the error in order to unwind the system operation. The implementation Anti-Windup PID controller has ability to optimize the system operation which; the temperature operate close to the set point.