MEASURES FOR REDUCING THE ADVERSE EFFECTS OF ARTIFICIAL LIGHT AT NIGHT: INTER-DISCIPLINARY DEVELOPMENT AND PROGRESS

A. Jägerbrand, C. Bouroussis
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Abstract

The use of artificial light at night in the outdoor environment may introduce negative and unwanted side-effects such as light pollution and unwanted impacts on humans, ecosystems and biodiversity. Therefore, appropriate measures for reducing the adverse effects of artificial light at night are important to establish a sustainable use of outdoor lighting. This paper presents an updated overview and a state-of-the-art of available and effective measures for reducing artificial light at night, which range from strategical and high-level recommendations to more practical and applicable lighting design recommendations and principles. Another aim is to identify prioritized future research questions and areas that will enhance progress within the area. We present the current recommendations into three groups: (I) recommendations for legislation at the national or international levels, (II) recommendations for technical and practical adaptations of the lighting design and (III) recommendations for sensitive species, taxa, areas or ecosystems.
减少夜间人造光不利影响的措施:跨学科的发展和进步
夜间在室外环境中使用人造光可能会带来负面和不必要的副作用,例如光污染和对人类、生态系统和生物多样性的不利影响。因此,采取适当措施减少夜间人造光的不利影响,对于建立可持续的户外照明至关重要。本文介绍了最新的概述和最新的有效措施,以减少夜间人造光,范围从战略和高层次的建议,更实际和适用的照明设计建议和原则。另一个目标是确定未来优先研究的问题和领域,以促进该领域的进展。我们将目前的建议分为三组:(I)国家或国际层面的立法建议;(II)照明设计的技术和实际适应性建议;(III)敏感物种、分类群、地区或生态系统的建议。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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