EEG feature extraction as markers for states and traits associated with Mindfulness meditation practice

Abstract

Electroencephalography (EEG) is a low-cost technique for registering rhythmic brain oscillations. Electroencephalographic studies of meditative states have been conducted for nearly 50 years, but no clear consensus has emerged about the neurophysiological changes underlying the practice of meditation. EEG 8-channel registration was performed on expert and novice meditators. A spectral analysis of the signals and a spectral entropy analysis was performed. Relevant neurophysiological differences were found between expert and novice meditators in the Alpha and Theta frequency bands and the entropy levels in each signal, that allow objective evaluation of the progression of meditation. These changes are especially noticeable in the prefrontal cortex. Changes in the states of the Alpha and Theta frequency bands may be associated with increased experience in meditation practice. Spectral entropy can serve as an indicator of long-term therapy progression.