Asthma. A role for IVIG therapy?

Abstract

Asthma is a multifactorial, reversible, obstructive lung disease that manifests airway inflammation as well as airway hyperreactivity. In addition to IgE-mediated respiratory reactions, the pathophysiology of asthma can be triggered by both viral respiratory and bacterial sinopulmonary infections. Even though most asthma patients do not manifest undue susceptibility to infection, a subset of asthma patients with recurrent sinopulmonary as well as upper-respiratory infections may have an associated immune deficiency syndrome. In a subset of these patients, deficiencies of serum IgG subclasses have also been described in the presence of low-normal or normal serum IgG and also deficient serum IgA. In addition to the usual asthma therapy with beta 2 agonist and theophylline bronchodilators as well as cromolyn and steroids, many of these immunodeficiency patients will benefit from iv gamma-globulin therapy. However, we suggest that an inability to synthesize specific serum antibody to injected vaccines or immunogens be a prerequisite before initiating iv gamma-globulin therapy. The clinician should not rely on serum IgG subclass levels alone as a criterion for initiation of passive immune globulin therapy. There may be another cohort of asthma patients who could benefit from iv gamma-globulin therapy. In a small open-label pilot study severe steroid-dependent asthma patients who were not immunodeficient and did not have undue susceptibility to infection were treated with iv gamma-globulin with a very large dosage protocol of 2000 mg/kg monthly.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)