Yield Performance and Blast Susceptibility of SomeWheat (Triticum aestivum) Varieties in Jashore

The Agriculturists Pub Date : 2018-12-22 DOI:10.3329/agric.v16i02.40344

R. Islam, Abdullah-al-Mamun, M. Alam, M. Anwar, M. A. Hakim

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引用次数: 2

Abstract

A trial was conducted during 2015-16 to 2017-18 at the Regional Agricultural Research Station (RARS) of Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Jashore to select some tolerant varieties against wheat blast. Fourteen varieties including eight old varieties (Sonalika, Kanchan, Sourav, Gourab, Shatabdi, Sufi, Bijoy, Prodip) and six newly released varieties (BARI Gom 25, BARI Gom 26, BARI Gom 27, BARI Gom 28, BARI Gom 29 and BARI Gom 30) were evaluated. The experiments were non-replicated and were planted in two sowing dates, at optimum (mid November) and late (mid December) conditions. Three irrigations were applied, at crown root initiation (CRI), heading and grain filling stages. Plants of border rows were inoculated by Magnaporthe oryzae triticum (MoT) spores (104 conidia ml-1) for infection once per week from three weeks after sowing until primary infection was observed. The significantly higher grain yield was observed in 2016-17 (3505 kg ha-1) which was similar to 2017-18 (3448 kg ha-1) and the lowest was in 2015-16 (1680 kg ha-1). The higher grain yield was obtained due to the higher grains spike-1 (45 no.) and 1000 grain weight (36.6 g) and lower blast disease incidence (% blast index 18.1%). In all three years, there was heavy infection of wheat blast in late sowing condition (% blast index 40.7) compared to the optimum sowing condition (% blast index 1.4), resulting in very poor crop yield (1696 kg ha-1). Among the varieties, the variety Gourab produced the highest yield (3395 kg ha-1) which was similar to the newly released variety BARI Gom 28 (3196 kg ha-1) and BARI Gom 30 (3134 kg ha-1). In case of blast disease severity, old varieties were less infested with some exception in Sonalika and Kanchan. On the other hand, BARI Gom 25 and BARI Gom 26 were more susceptible (% blast index 35.3-36.5) to wheat blast compared to BARI Gom 28 and BARI Gom 30 (% blast index 20.2-22.5). The Agriculturists 2018; 16(2) 65-74

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部分小麦品种在日本的产量表现及稻瘟病敏感性

2015-16年至2017-18年，在孟加拉国农业研究所(BARI)区域农业研究站(RARS)进行了一项试验，以选择一些耐小麦稻瘟病的品种。对14个品种进行了评价，包括8个老品种(Sonalika、Kanchan、Sourav、Gourab、Shatabdi、Sufi、Bijoy、Prodip)和6个新品种(BARI Gom 25、BARI Gom 26、BARI Gom 27、BARI Gom 28、BARI Gom 29和BARI Gom 30)。试验无重复，分最佳(11月中旬)和晚播(12月中旬)两个播期种植。分别在冠根形成期、抽穗期和灌浆期进行灌溉。从播种后3周开始，每周1次用104个分生孢子(Magnaporthe oryzae triticum, MoT)接种，直至观察初侵染。籽粒产量在2016-17年度显著提高(3505 kg ha-1)，与2017-18年度(3448 kg ha-1)相近，最低的是2015-16年度(1680 kg ha-1)。籽粒穗数(45株)和千粒重(36.6 g)较高，稻瘟病发病率(%稻瘟病指数18.1%)较低，产量较高。3年小麦晚播期(%瘟病指数40.7)与最适播期(%瘟病指数1.4)相比侵染严重，产量极低(1696 kg hm -1)。其中，Gourab产量最高(3395 kg hm -1)，与新推出的BARI Gom 28 (3196 kg hm -1)和BARI Gom 30 (3134 kg hm -1)相近。在发病严重程度上，除索纳里卡和甘禅外，老品种发病较少。另一方面，BARI Gom 25和BARI Gom 26比BARI Gom 28和BARI Gom 30(%稻瘟病指数20.2 ~ 22.5)对小麦稻瘟病更敏感(%稻瘟病指数35.3 ~ 36.5)。农业学家2018;16 (2) 65 - 74

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