The digital history of phonetic science

M. Ashby
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Abstract

: This paper looks at the effects of the digital revolution on the activity of researching and writing the history of speech communication research. Examples are given from the author's recent work in which new findings flow from the application of digital methods which may now seem commonplace but have come into use only within the last twenty years. Consideration is then given to the widely-held notion that ‘digital history’ is defined by its use of ‘big data’. It is shown that large corpora such as Google Books and the Internet Archive already benefit our efforts as historians of speech communication research, although we should make efforts to augment those databases, or build specialised databases of our own, with materials which tar-get our requirements more directly. That would in turn entail developing OCR to deal with IPA and other phonetic symbols, and an indication is given of how that can be achieved. In conclusion it is suggested that digital methods radically reduce the cost in time and resources of lines of inquiry which would previously have seemed impracticable, thus changing our perspectives on what can and should be attempted and giving us the freedom to be more adventurous in our investigations.
语音科学的数字化历史
本文着眼于数字革命对言语传播研究历史研究和写作活动的影响。从作者最近的工作中给出了一些例子,其中新的发现来自数字方法的应用,这些方法现在看起来很常见,但只是在过去的二十年里才开始使用。然后考虑到广泛持有的概念,即“数字历史”是由“大数据”的使用来定义的。研究表明,像谷歌图书和互联网档案馆这样的大型语料库已经使我们作为语言交流研究历史学家的努力受益,尽管我们应该努力扩大这些数据库,或者建立我们自己的专门数据库,使用更直接地针对我们需求的材料。这反过来又需要发展OCR来处理国际音标和其他音标,并给出了如何实现这一目标的指示。综上所述,数字方法从根本上减少了以前似乎不切实际的调查路线的时间和资源成本,从而改变了我们对可以和应该尝试什么的看法,并使我们在调查中更有冒险精神的自由。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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