Supervisory signal transmission in distributed Raman amplifiers

Abstract

Design parameters of a supervisory (SV) system intended for a distributed Raman amplifier (DBA) is investigated theoretically. The pump is low frequency modulated to transmit supervisory information which forms part of the fault management system in a Raman amplified fiber optic network. Issues regarding modulation frequency of the SV signal and its effect on the integrity of the signal are studied. Power penalty issues due to introduction of the SV signal in the optical network are also studied. These theoretical studies are based on numerical solution of coupled propagation equations for counter-pumped DRA.