Candida Species Survival Strategies: New Approaches

Abstract

The incidence of fungal infections has increased significantly in recent years, motivated especially by COVID-19. Candida yeasts are responsible for most of these infections. This commensal yeast is easily found in the oral mucosa, gastrointestinal tract, urogenital tract, skin and mucous membranes of healthy individuals. Under certain circumstances, when there is a disruption of the biological balance, there may be an increase in the multiplication and invasion of host tissues by these microorganisms. The expression of certain virulence factors such as polymorphism, adhesins, proteases and phospholipases and the formation of microbial biofilms, facilitate tissue penetration and confer greater pathogenicity to these yeasts. This mini-review provides information on the current state of knowledge about virulence, including antifungal resistance of Candida species.