I-Q Mismatch Estimation and Compensation in Millimeter-Wave Wireless Systems

Yifan Zhu, C. Hall, A. Sayeed
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引用次数: 2

Abstract

A salient feature of millimeter-wave (mmW) wireless systems is their large bandwidths. A direct consequence is that radio frequency (RF) non-idealities, such as phase noise, I-Q imbalance, and non-ideal frequency response of bandpass filters, become more pronounced compared to existing systems operating below 6 GHz. However, investigations of the impact of such nonidealities and techniques for their compensation are limited. In this paper, the problem of I-Q mismatch is investigated, motivated by the authors' recent work on mmW prototype design and development. First, a model for the non-ideal system is developed by modeling the in-phase (I) and quadrature (Q) passband channels separately, rather than the common complex baseband representation. The resulting channel matrix reveals the structure of interference introduced across I-Q channels and frequencies. Second, a new approach is developed for estimating the non-ideal channel using the new model. Third, a linear receiver architecture is developed to compensate for the interference caused by the I-Q mismatch. Finally, the performance of the new proposed system is compared to a baseline conventional system which ignores I-Q mismatch. The results indicate significant loss in performance even for modest values of I -Q mismatch parameters. In particular, the baseline system exhibits a saturation of output signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio (SINR) regardless of the input SNR. The new proposed system does not suffer from such saturation and its SINR can be increased indefinitely by increasing the input SNR. The analytical results are validated with experimental evaluation on a 28 GHz mmW wireless testbed.
毫米波无线系统I-Q失配估计与补偿
毫米波(mmW)无线系统的一个显著特征是其大带宽。一个直接的后果是射频(RF)非理想性,如相位噪声、I-Q不平衡和带通滤波器的非理想频率响应,与现有的低于6 GHz的系统相比,变得更加明显。然而,对这种非理想性的影响及其补偿技术的调查是有限的。在本文中,受作者最近在毫米波原型设计和开发工作的启发,对I-Q不匹配问题进行了研究。首先,通过对同相(I)和正交(Q)通道分别建模,而不是常见的复基带表示,建立了非理想系统的模型。由此产生的通道矩阵揭示了在I-Q通道和频率上引入的干扰结构。其次,提出了一种利用新模型估计非理想信道的新方法。第三,开发了一种线性接收机结构来补偿由I-Q不匹配引起的干扰。最后,将新提出的系统的性能与忽略I-Q不匹配的基准传统系统进行比较。结果表明,即使I -Q不匹配参数值适中,性能也会有显著损失。特别是,无论输入信噪比如何,基线系统都表现出输出信噪比(SINR)的饱和。新提出的系统不会受到这种饱和的影响,并且可以通过增加输入信噪比来无限地增加信噪比。分析结果在28ghz毫米波无线测试台上得到了验证。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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